Turtle, me lad!
Excellent association you've made here.
The "local bubble" has been in the literature for at least a decade, maybe two. This refers to the relative lack of gas and dust in our vicinity, has been accurately measured, and is generally blamed on either a supernova, or a cluster of hot blue stars having "cleared out" the area many millions of years ago. It's diameter extends a few tens of lightyears at most. It appears that the Sun accidently wandered into this "void" some time after it was formed.
I don't think the "cosmic bubble" is the same thing. To be effective at changing the ... let's say, "index of refraction" ... of a large enough volume around us, the relative paucity of matter would have to extend --- I'm just guessing here --- out past the nearest galaxies. Say, around 10,000,000 light years.
