G'day Modest
Mate the link
http://articles.adsabs.harvard.edu/c...&filetype=.pdf
Is dated 1972. Its out dated by updated data.
It states that galaxies are moving apart.
Observations show us that galaxies cluster.
The link is not worth saving. Have you actually read it.
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As for link
http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/astro-ph/p.../0104382v1.pdf
Lacking updated data, Has no understanding of the process that goes on during a supernova.
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as for wiki infomation. Alot of that is opinion based and needs updating.
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You say simply ruled out by many observations.
Please supply those observations.
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This paper may place light on the subject
[0806.4085] A review of redshift and its interpretation in cosmology and astrophysics
A review of redshift and its interpretation in cosmology and astrophysics
Authors: R. Gray, J. Dunning-Davies
(Submitted on 25 Jun 2008)
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Abstract: The interpretation of redshift in cosmology and astronomy yields a great deal of information about the universe in which we live, but much controversy surrounds the correct interpretation of the phenomenon. This article discusses the history of the redshift, and how its interpretation varies between different cosmological theories, including the Big Bang theory and some of its most famous rivals, the Steady State theory and Tired Light theory, and aims to highlight a few of the problems still existing. Some notions not normally associated with astronomy and astrophysics are mentioned also in the hope that a somewhat broader view of this important topic may be investigated.
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[0804.3595] Time Dilation in Type Ia Supernova Spectra at High Redshift
Time Dilation in Type Ia Supernova Spectra at High Redshift
Authors: S. Blondin, T. M. Davis, K. Krisciunas, B. P. Schmidt, J. Sollerman, W. M. Wood-Vasey, A. C. Becker, P. Challis, A. Clocchiatti, G. Damke, A. V. Filippenko, R. J. Foley, P. M. Garnavich, S. W. Jha, R. P. Kirshner, B. Leibundgut, W. Li, T. Matheson, G. Miknaitis, G. Narayan, G. Pignata, A. Rest, A. G. Riess, J. M. Silverman, R. C. Smith, J. Spyromilio, M. Stritzinger, C. W. Stubbs, N. B. Suntzeff, J. L. Tonry, B. E. Tucker, A. Zenteno
(Submitted on 22 Apr 2008)
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Abstract: We present multiepoch spectra of 13 high-redshift Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) drawn from the literature, the ESSENCE and SNLS projects, and our own separate dedicated program on the ESO Very Large Telescope. We use the Supernova Identification (SNID) code of Blondin & Tonry to determine the spectral ages in the supernova rest frame. Comparison with the observed elapsed time yields an apparent aging rate consistent with the 1/(1+z) factor (where z is the redshift) expected in a homogeneous, isotropic, expanding universe. These measurements thus confirm the expansion hypothesis, while unambiguously excluding models that predict no time dilation, such as Zwicky's "tired light" hypothesis. We also test for power-law dependencies of the aging rate on redshift. The best-fit exponent for these models is consistent with the expected 1/(1+z) factor.
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[0709.0520] Starburst Intensity Limit of Galaxies at z~5-6
Starburst Intensity Limit of Galaxies at z~5-6
Authors: N. P. Hathi, S. Malhotra, J. E. Rhoads
(Submitted on 4 Sep 2007 (v1), last revised 22 Oct 2007 (this version, v2))
[0707.3351] Reflections and Thoughts on Tired Light
Reflections and Thoughts on Tired Light
Authors: M. Moore, J. Dunning-Davies
(Submitted on 23 Jul 2007)
[0706.2885] An Alternative Explanation for Cosmological Redshift
An Alternative Explanation for Cosmological Redshift
Authors: David Schuster
(Submitted on 19 Jun 2007 (v1), last revised 9 May 2008 (this version, v2))
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Abstract: The first and most compelling evidence of the universe's expansion was, and continues to be, the observed redshift of spectra from distant objects. This paper plays "devil's advocate" by providing an alternative explanation with elementary physics. I assume a steady-state universe that is infinite in both expanse and age, with the observed redshifts caused by particle interactions creating an overall index of refraction of the universe. The cumulative effects of these interactions over long distances cause not only the shifts that we observe, but also the monotonically increasing redshifts as more distant objects are observed. This is a novel explanation for the phenomenon known as "tired light" which has been discussed for decades.
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Its not us simple as it looks. The intrinsic properties are only now been understood, particularly ultra dense compact matter that plays a part in supernova process.
