You seem to see the atom as a small solar system. Check out the following:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bohr_model
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The Bohr model is not a complete model of the atom, and fails to explain many of the finer structures seen in atoms. As a theory, it has been replaced by quantum mechanics, and thus may be considered to be an obsolete scientific theory. However, because of its simplicity, the Bohr model is still commonly taught to introduce students to quantum mechanics.
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A more accurate depiction is a description of atomic orbitals and electron configuration.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_configuration
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Classically, the atomic orbitals can be thought of as similar to the orbits of the planets around the Sun. However, it is important to note that the atomic orbitals cannot actually be described classically. In fact, explaining the behaviour of the electrons that orbit an atom was one of the driving forces behind quantum mechanics. In quantum mechanics, the atomic orbitals are the quantum states that electrons surrounding an atom may exist in.
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Your analogies are interesting, and it's nice to see that you are trying to think of new ideas, but why waste a bunch of time thinking of things which have long since been proven otherwise? Look at some of the information and at least give yourself a level footing from which to start.
Cheers.
