I read a book last year which I think was pretty marvelous. It is titled "Mendeleyev's Dream: The quest for the Elements" and is written by Paul Strathern. It's a very good book about the history of how the different elements were isolated and how the table of elements came about thanks to a marvellous brainwave by Mendeleyev after much, much work.
It is of course also a book crammed full of alchemy, strange medicines, magic, and whatnot - in other words, an excellent popular science book. Highly recommended!
Here is a link to
the book at our science bookstore.