Mathematically Perfect Triangle

[FrankM]

The original measured frequency of the cesium transition energy was 9,192,631,830 ± 10 Hz (cps), based upon the duration of the second maintained at Greenwich. When it was decided to use the duration of the second based upon Ephemeris Time, the technicians had to adjust the frequency counter time base (which had been based upon the Greenwich second) to that of the Ephemeris second. The Ephemeris second is slightly shorter than the Greenwich second, thus the frequency counter would count fewer cycles, and this came out to 9,192,631,770 ± 20 Hz. The energy level of the cesium transition did not change, just the way it was counted. See page 6 of the following report:

http://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~mgk25/time/...leapsecond.pdf

All this means is that physical scientists in different locations can compare frequency values with others, it is a "convenient" reference. The report implies that technology will improve upon the precision and at some time a decision eventually will be made to correct the "error", and the world will then have a new value for the duration of the second, as well as all the other values that are dependent upon that definition.

[FrankM]

In the MathPerfect.pdf article, it mentioned that symmetry could be obtained at different angles. MathPerfect04.pdf adds a graphic that illustrates the time angle and a resulting calculation using a 45 degree time angle.

[FrankM]

I had added a figure to the original MathPerfect.pdf article, (MathPerfect04.pdf), to illustrate how the value of the "time duration" (when it is something other than the second) can be represented as a "time angle". When the angle is 25.2640 degrees the time angle value represents how we use the current definition of a second, and the 45 degree angle when the time duration is 0.6255... less than a second. Actually, it is more logical to use the 45 degree time angle as a mathematically defined unit of time, which means the earth second is 1.598... times longer than that reference.

There seems little interest in using a mathematically defined "unit of time", even though it would allow a direct mathematical link to other physical constants (Universal.pdf) and could provide a method of developing a "quantum metrology" system of units.

The current definition for the "SI" second is basically provincial and has nothing to do with the rest of the universe.

[FrankM]

Originally posted by: Roberto
These are the definitions of the meter and second in the SI system. The source is the site of the International Bureau of Weights and Measurements at
http://www1.bipm.org/en/si/base_units/


"The second is the duration of 9 192 631 770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium 133 atom."

The only reason they chose the 9,192,631,770 periods is because that just happened to get very close to the theoretically
perfect earth second. If they really wanted to define an ideal "time unit" they should have selected a perfect
integer, 10,000,000,000 periods, but that value would be no more representative of anything "universal" than the
earth second.

To keep the original references handy, I have added them here so they can be easily referenced.

http://www.vip.ocsnet.net/~ancient/MathPerfect04.pdf


http://www.vip.ocsnet.net/~ancient/Universal.pdf