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RE: what is black hole made out of and what does a black hole "experience"?
The Sun has no event horizon in its present state. As for gravity its field drops off following the normal 1/r^2 rule. In essence, while getting weaker as one goes outward, its field extends towards infinity, so to speak, the same as an EM field does. The sun has a surface. The event horizon of a blackhole is not an actual surface at all. It's a point of no return beyond which something would have to exceed the speed of light to escape. Its not composed of matter in the common meaning of such and is simply a horizon as far as observation goes. The gravity field of a Blackhole like every other gravity field extends far further out than its own body itself. The Hawking radiation(Virtual particles) that escape from this event horizon do so by quantum tunneling which is a known shortcut path through spacetime itself. One virtual particle at the event horizon can borrow enough energy to become a real particle. That particle escapes while its twin does not. The timing of this escape via quantum effects is shorter in duration than light speed allows along normal paths. So is essence via a quantum path such a particle does exceed the escape velocity of the event horizon. But it does so by a quantum allowed path that at macroscopic scales is not allowed. Also, this type of event takes place right at the horizon itself. So in essence, the virtual particle made real that escapes has never really been inside that horizon. Its been at that horizon and the small path difference allowed under quantum theory is all the boost it needs to escape. The escape velocity right at the boundary of the event horizon itself is C, beyond that point its greater than C.
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