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Published by Mohit Pandey 10-19-2007
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#1
By
eric l
on
10-19-2007
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| Re: Some basic concept problems That's too many questions at once, because the answers will be quite different. This post will be limited to question # 1 about copper sulphate and ammonium hydroxide. First you have to understand that even if a precipitate is formed, not all of the product precipitates, even "insolluble" products are always slithghtly (or very slightly solluble. What happens with copper sulphate and ammonium hydroxide is that Cu2+ forms a complex ion with NH3 and that the resulting products is simply much more solluble. There is a good deal more about complex ions in Wikipedia (Complex (chemistry) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia) So wath happens is that the "insolluble" Cu(OH)2 is transformed into solluble Cu(NH3)n(OH)2 I would have to check what exactly the value of n would be in this case A more or less similar case would be if you add NaOH to AlCl3 : first you will have a gel like precipitation of alluminium hydroxide, but by further addition of NaOH you form solluble sodium alluminate. But this is not a case of forming complex ions, it is that Al is "amphoteric" and able to form acids as well as bases. See also Amphoterism - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia I'll leave the other questions for someone else - or for a next occasion. |
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#2
By
Mohit Pandey
on
10-27-2007
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| Re: Some basic concept problems #1 is now clear. Move ahead. |
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#4
By
eric l
on
10-28-2007
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| Re: Some basic concept problems Nobody else trying to answer, while the question may be important to other students as well, I give it a try with question # 2. The colour of lithmus (or other pH-indicator substances) is determined by the ratio between the concentration of H+ (or rather H3O+) and OH-. That means there must be water around. Dry ammonia has neither of these ions, but a wetted paper has, and if this wetted paper absorbs dry ammonia the ratio between the concentrations of these ions changes. For the same reason, you can not really determine the pH of e.g. concentrated sulphuric acid. Be patient for the answers on questions 3 and 4. |
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#5
By
Mohit Pandey
on
10-29-2007
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 Re: Some basic concept problems Quote:
 . They are just patiently waiting and just viewing the posts. They are passive participants. Come on! guys.  Post your doubts here and answer others. #2 is also clear.  | |
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Last edited by Mohit Pandey; 10-29-2007 at 03:56 AM.
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#6
By
modest
on
10-30-2007
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| Re: Some basic concept problems Quote:
You may be thinking of a different method where sulfur or SO2 can be burned and oxidized with NO2 to make SO3 which can then be hydrated. Please don't try to do this because NO2 will kill you right quick when you breath it. Also, adding SO3 to water would be a good way to explode sulfuric acid on your face. Nitric acid is much easier to make for the home chemist (not that I'm advocating that either) I hope this answers your question. | |
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#7
By
Mohit Pandey
on
10-30-2007
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 Re: Some basic concept problems Quote:
Quote:
My question was somewhat different.  Contact process is a long process in comparison to the reaction of oxidation of Sulphur using Nitric acid. Why chemists in factories use the long Contact process? And yes, I am not going to make it at home. | ||
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#8
By
eric l
on
10-30-2007
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| Re: Some basic concept problems Quote:
What happened in Bhopal - which is, if I'm not mistaken, in your state of Madhya Pradesh - in 1984 is an example of what may happen when a chemical process runs out of controll. The reaction of concentrated nitric acid with sulphur is pretty near explosive, even if tried at a small scale. And the nitrous fumes themselves are quite dangerous and not easy to deal with. On top of that, nitric acid is much more expensive than sulphuric acid, which is also an important consideration when it comes to industrial production. | |
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#9
By
modest
on
10-30-2007
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| Re: Some basic concept problems Quote:
• Lead Chamber is an older method that creates less concentrated acid • Contact Process is the newer method that can create concentrations of up to 98% Like I said before (and posted a link and method to prove this to yourself) you can't manufacture sulfuric acid by combining nitric acid and sulfur. If you believe otherwise - post a source. -modest | |
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